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VOL. 10, ISSUE 3 (2026)
Bio-based non-isocyanate polyurethanes: Recent progress toward self-healing and sustainable polymer materials
Authors
Punam D Bagul, Prafulla S Patil
Abstract
The transition from conventional polyurethane (polyurethane) to
non-isocyanate polyurethane (non-isocyanate polyurethane) is largely influenced
by increasing concerns about safety, environment and sustainability associated
with the classical PU technology. Non-isocyanate polyurethane is a promising
alternative since they can overcome some of the problems of conventional PU
manufacture, in particular the use of dangerous isocyanates and the
phosgenation process. Recently there was a lot of interest in the field of
bio-based non-isocyanate polyurethanes as part of the concepts of green
chemistry and sustainable materials engineering. Vegetable oils have become
increasingly popular as a source for NIPU due to its availability,
renewability, biodegradability, low toxicity and lower price compared to other
alternatives. This review therefore aims at providing an overall view of
vegetable oil based NIPUs and their developments in recent times. This paper
will be dealing with the syntheses methods and ecologically favorable methods
used in the production of NIPU's. Special focus will be placed on the
polyaddition-reaction between cyclic carbonates and amines that is considered
to be one of the most promising routes to sustainable NIPU-syntheses.
Furthermore the synthesis-routes, starting-materials,
cyclic-carbonate-chemistry and amine-curing-agents will be described.
Additionally, the physical/chemical properties and application possibilities of
NIPUs derived from vegetable oils such as e.g. soybean-oil, linseed-oil,
sunflower-oil etc., i.e. heat resistance, mechanical properties, self-healing
and recyclability will be highlighted. Finally the review shall discuss the
industrial applicability, market-potential, actual hurdles and future prospects
of the NIPU-technology.
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Pages:41-47
How to cite this article:
Punam D Bagul, Prafulla S Patil "Bio-based non-isocyanate polyurethanes: Recent progress toward self-healing and sustainable polymer materials". International Journal of Chemistry Studies, Vol 10, Issue 3, 2026, Pages 41-47
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